Article 18(Special-purpose districts) #
(1) A park management agency shall determine the following special-purpose districts in park planning in order to preserve and utilize natural parks effectively: <Amended on Apr. 5, 2011; May 29, 2016; Nov. 26, 2019; Aug. 8, 2023>
1. Nature conservation district in a park: Any of the following areas, which is specially required to be protected:
a. The place where biodiversity is especially abundant;
b. The place where the natural ecosystem maintains aboriginality;
c. The place where wild animals and plants highly worthy of special protection live;
d. The place where the scenery is especially beautiful;
2. Natural environment district in a park: An area which needs to be preserved as a buffer space of the nature conservation district in a park;
3. Village district in a park: An area where a village has been formed, which is required for residents to lead their life;
4. Deleted; <Apr. 5, 2011>
5. Deleted; <Apr. 5, 2011>
6. Cultural heritage district in a park: An area where it is designed to install facilities necessary for preserving cultural heritage and natural heritage or holding Buddhist rituals and services among the traditional temple preservation areas and any traditional temples holding designated cultural heritage under Article 2(3) of the Act on Conservation and Utilization of Cultural Heritage and natural monuments, etc. under subparagraph 5 of Article 2 of the Act on Conservation and Utilization of Natural Heritage.
(2) Standards for activities permissible in special-purpose districts under paragraph (1) shall be as follows; provided, standards for activities permissible on the coast and islands prescribed by Presidential Decree may be differently prescribed by Presidential Decree within the limits of the standards for the following activities: <Amended on Apr. 5, 2011; May 29, 2016; May 26, 2020; Aug. 8, 2023>
1. Nature conservation district in a park:
a. Minimum activities deemed necessary for scientific research, conservation of nature or the conservation and management of cultural heritage and natural heritage;
b. Construction of minimum park facilities and park projects in accordance with standards prescribed by Presidential Decree;
c. Construction of minimum facilities in accordance with standards prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as military installations, telecommunications facilities, navigation aid facilities, riverhead protection facilities, forest fire prevention facilities, etc. deemed impracticable to be constructed in any other area than the relevant area;
d. Restoration of temples which have undergone historical research formalities prescribed by Presidential Decree and construction of facilities for Buddhist services and incidental facilities thereof in the traditional temple preservation area; provided, construction of business facilities, such as a teahouse, store, etc. among incidental facilities shall be limited to land on which structures owned by the temple are built and land attached thereto;
e. Remodeling and reconstruction of buildings, which have existed prior to the designation of a natural park, among facilities of a religious organization permitted as a religious corporation by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, restoration of facilities which have undergone historical research formalities prescribed by Presidential Decree and construction of incidental facilities below the scale prescribed by Presidential Decree;
f. Minimum project implemented as an erosion control project prescribed in the Work against Erosion Control Work Act in order to prevent destruction of nature where nature is apprehended to be seriously destroyed if nature is left in the state of nature as it is;
g. Gathering forest products by an agreement voluntarily concluded between a park management agency and local residents (referring to those who reside in the relevant park area with resident registration) in accordance with subject areas and the permissible standards prescribed by Presidential Decree among areas transformed into a nature conservation district in a park from natural environment district in a park;
2. Natural environment district in a park:
a. Activities permissible in the nature conservation district in a park;
b. Construction of park facilities in accordance with standards prescribed by Presidential Decree and park projects;
c. Development of farmland or grassland and construction of incidental facilities thereon within the extent of permissible standards prescribed by Presidential Decree;
d. Activities of the primary industry, such as farming, livestock industry, etc. and construction of facilities necessary for the national economy in accordance with standards prescribed by Presidential Decree;
e. Construction of forest roads (limited to extenuating circumstances, such as putting out forest fire, etc.), afforestation, forestation, deforestation, restoration of ecosystem and an erosion control project prescribed in the Work against Erosion Control Work Act;
f. Extension, renovation and reconstruction below the scale prescribed by Presidential Decree of existing buildings prior to the designation as a natural park and construction of facilities incidental thereto and removal and reconstruction of buildings which shall be inevitably relocated due to any natural disaster or park project within the extent harmonizing themselves with the surrounding scenery;
g. Construction of erosion control facilities, bank protection facilities, fire prevention facilities, stockade and protection facilities, etc., in order to protect natural parks and to keep safety of persons entering natural parks;
h. Minimum activities or construction of facilities necessary for national defense and public interest in accordance with standards prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as military drills and building of farm roads and banks, etc.;
i. Making private graveyards prescribed in the Act on Funeral Services (only applicable to cases where inhabitants of islands prescribed by Presidential Decree die);
j. Activities of stacking articles or establishing a temporary building in a region other than the project area within a period prescribed by Presidential Decree to conduct the project permitted under Article 20 or 23;
k. Activities of establishing management offices, medical treatment facilities, bathhouses and other facilities prescribed by Presidential Decree within a period prescribed by Presidential Decree to provide convenience to guests in coast or island area;
3. Village district in a park:
a. Activities permissible in the natural environment district in a park;
b. Construction of residential buildings below the scale prescribed by Presidential Decree and construction of infrastructure of living environment;
c. Construction of facilities prescribed by Presidential Decree as facilities necessary for a village district in a park to perform its own functions;
d. Activities prescribed by Presidential Decree as necessary for a village district in a park to perform its own functions;
e. A household industry that does not cause any environmental pollution;
4. Deleted; <Apr. 5, 2011>
5. Deleted; <Apr. 5, 2011>
6. Cultural heritage district in a park:
a. Activities permissible in the natural environment district in a park;
b. Activities of constructing, extending, remodeling, reconstructing, or removing and reconstructing facilities, including incidental facilities thereof, which are installed for the purposes of Buddhist rites, discipline and living of monks, and edification of believers;
c. Other activities prescribed by Presidential Decree to preserve and manage temples.
(3) Deleted. <Apr. 5, 2011>
(4) Any person who has obtained permission prescribed in Article 20 or 23 as at the time park planning regarding the designation and alteration of a special-purpose district is determined and publicly notified, may continue his or her work or project, etc., in accordance with permission even if the matters permitted do not fall under activities permissible in a new special-purpose district.
(5) Any building built in the relevant area as at the time park planning to transform a village district in a park into a natural environment district in a park or a nature conservation district in a park is determined and publicly notified, may be expanded, renovated and reconstructed below the scale prescribed by Presidential Decree and their special purposes may be changed, depending on facilities necessary for their own functions. <Amended on Apr. 5, 2011; May 26, 2020>
[This Article Wholly Amended on Dec. 31, 2008]